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Kamis, 12 Juni 2014
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Semester Dua dan Empat
Senin, 06 Agustus 2012
THE PINK PANTHER
CLASSIC CARTOON COLLECTION
[1964-1980]
Code:--------------------------------------------------------------------- The Pink Panther Cartoon --------------------------------------------------------------------- Type.....................: TV Episodes.................: 124 Status...................: Finished Airing Aired....................: December 18, 1964 to February 1, 1980 Pink Panther Theme by....: Henry Mancini Director.................: Brad Case Story....................: Cliff Roberts Animation................: Warren Batchelder, Bob Richarson, Bob Kirk, Bill Hutten Layout...................: Martin Strudler In Charge Of Production..: Lee Gunther Backround................: Richard H. Thomas Film Editor..............: Joe Siracusa Camera...................: Ray Lee Producers................: David H. De Patie and Friz Freleng, MGM, Mirisch Film Inc. Genres...................: Animation, Family, Comedy
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Last edited by Ayu Rahima Mutia ; 06 - 08 -2012 at 15:48 PM. Reason: reupload episode 025
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Rabu, 15 Juni 2011
Origin, systematics and distribution
Honey bees as a group appear to have their centre of origin in South and South East Asia (including the Philippines), as all but one of the extant species are native to that region, notably the most plesiomorphic living species (Apis florea and Apis andreniformis).[2] The first Apis bees appear in the fossil record at the Eocene–Oligocene boundary, in European deposits. The origin of these prehistoric honey bees does not necessarily indicate that Europe is where the genus originated, only that it occurred there at that time. There are few known fossil deposits in the suspected region of honey bee origin, and fewer still have been thoroughly studied. There is only one fossil species documented from the New World, Apis nearctica, known from a single 14-million-year old specimen from Nevada.[3]
The close relatives of modern honey bees –- e.g. bumblebees and stingless bees –- are also social to some degree, and social behavior seems a plesiomorphic trait that predates the origin of the genus. Among the extant members of Apis, the more basal species make single, exposed combs, while the more recently evolved species nest in cavities and have multiple combs, which has greatly facilitated their domestication.
Most species have historically been cultured or at least exploited for honey and beeswax by humans indigenous to their native ranges. Only two of these species have been truly domesticated, one (Apis mellifera) at least since the time of the building of the Egyptian pyramids, and only that species has been moved extensively beyond its native range.
[edit] Micrapis
Apis florea and Apis andreniformis are small honey bees of southern and southeastern Asia. They make very small, exposed nests in trees and shrubs. Their stings are often incapable of penetrating human skin, so the hive and swarms can be handled with minimal protection. They occur largely sympatrically though they are very distinct evolutionarily and are probably the result of allopatric speciation, their distribution later converging. Given that A. florea is more widely distributed and A. andreniformis is considerably more aggressive, honey is –- if at all –- usually harvested from the former only. They are the most ancient extant lineage of honey bees, maybe diverging in the Bartonian (some 40 million years ago or slightly later) from the other lineages, but among themselves do not seem to have diverged a long time before the Neogene.[4]
[edit] Megapis
There is one recognised species in subgenus Megapis. It usually builds single or a few exposed combs on high tree limbs, on cliffs, and sometimes on buildings. They can be very fierce. Periodically robbed of their honey by human "honey hunters", colonies are easily capable of stinging a human being to death when provoked.
- Apis dorsata, the giant honey bee, is native and widespread across most of South and Southeast Asia.
- Apis dorsata binghami, the Indonesian honey bee, is classified as the Indonesian subspecies of the giant honey bee or a distinct species; in the latter case, A. d. breviligula and/or other lineages would probably also have to be considered species.[5]
- Apis dorsata laboriosa, the Himalayan honey bee, was initially described as a distinct species. Later, it was included in A. dorsata as a subspecies[1] based on the biological species concept, though authors applying a genetic species concept have suggested it should be considered a species.[4] Essentially restricted to the Himalayas, it differs little from the giant honey bee in appearance, but has extensive behavioral adaptations which enable it to nest in the open at high altitudes despite low ambient temperatures. It is the largest living honey bee.
[edit] Apis
- Eastern species
These are three or four species. The reddish Koschevnikov's bee (Apis koschevnikovi) from Borneo is well distinct; it probably derives from the first colonization of the island by cave-nesting honey bees. Apis cerana, the Eastern honey bee proper, is the traditional honey bee of southern and eastern Asia, kept in hives in a similar fashion to Apis mellifera, though on a much smaller and regionalised scale. It has not been possible yet to resolve its relationship to the Bornean Apis cerana nuluensis and Apis nigrocincta from the Philippines to satisfaction; the most recent hypothesis is that these are indeed distinct species but that A. cerana is still paraphyletic, consisting of several good species.[4]
- European/Western/Common honey bee
Main article: Apis mellifera
Apis mellifera, the most commonly domesticated species, was the third insect to have its genome mapped. It seems to have originated in eastern tropical Africa and spread from there to Northern Europe and eastwards into Asia to the Tien Shan range. It is variously called the European, Western or Common honey bee in different parts of the world. There are many subspecies that have adapted to the local geographic and climatic environment, and in addition, hybrid strains such as the Buckfast bee have been bred. Behavior, color and anatomy can be quite different from one subspecies or even strain to another.
Regarding phylogeny, this is the most enigmatic honey bee species. It seems to have diverged from its Eastern relatives only during the Late Miocene. This would fit the hypothesis that the ancestral stock of cave-nesting honey bees was separated into the Western group of E Africa and the Eastern group of tropical Asia by desertification in the Middle East and adjacent regions, which caused declines of foodplants and trees which provided nest sites, eventually causing gene flow to cease. The diversity of subspecies is probably the product of a largely Early Pleistocene radiation aided by climate and habitat changes during the last ice age. That the Western honey bee has been intensively managed by humans since many millennia – including hybridization and introductions – has apparently increased the speed of its evolution and confounded the DNA sequence data to a point where little of substance can be said about the exact relationships of many A. mellifera subspecies.[4]
There are no honey bees native to the Americas. In 1622, European colonists brought the dark bee (A. m. mellifera) to the Americas, followed later by Italian bees (A. m. ligustica) and others. Many of the crops that depend on honey bees for pollination have also been imported since colonial times. Escaped swarms (known as "wild" bees, but actually feral) spread rapidly as far as the Great Plains, usually preceding the colonists. Honey bees did not naturally cross the Rocky Mountains; they were carried by ship to California in the early 1850s.
Rabu, 11 Mei 2011
Syahrini: Pengen Menikah, Tapi Belum Ada Yang Cocok
Pasca resmi berpisah dengan mantan duetnya, Anang Hermansyah, penyanyi Syahrini hampir tak pernah digosipkan dekat dengan seorang pria. Namun saat ini, ia dikabarkan sedang dekat dengan seorang pria berkewarganegaraan Malaysia.
Editor KapanLagi.com, Selebriti - Kamis, 12 Mei 2011 05.05 WIB
Syahrini
Pasca resmi berpisah dengan mantan duetnya, Anang Hermansyah , penyanyi Syahrini hampir tak pernah digosipkan dekat dengan seorang pria. Namun saat ini, ia dikabarkan sedang dekat dengan seorang pria berkewarganegaraan Malaysia.
Tapi hal tersebut dibantah oleh pelantun lagu Kau Yang Memilih Aku ini. Menurut Syahrini tak benar jika ia dikabarkan sedang memadu kasih dengan orang Malaysia. Sebab sampai saat ini, wanita kelahiran Bogor, Jawa Barat, 1 Agustus 1982 ini mengaku masih single.
"Belum ada orang spesial, maaf pacar orang Malaysia nggak," ujar Syahrini saat ditemui di preskon Liputan 6 Award di Radjas Cafe, Senayan City, Jakarta Selatan, Rabu (11/5).
Disinggung tentang usia Syahrini yang sudah pantas membina rumah tangga, wanita yang biasa Rini ini memang sudah kepengen menikah, namun masih belum menemukan pendamping yang pas.
Syahrini menegaskan dirinya tidak terlalu selektif memilih pendamping hidup, hanya saja ia masih ingin fokus membangun kariernya.
"Pengen menikah, belum ada rencana, belum ada yang cocok. Semua orang kasih support menikah. Tapi aku masih mau berkiprah di karir. Aku gak selektif kok," pungkasnya. (kpl/buj/bun)
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Selasa, 08 Maret 2011
Kata-Kata Bijak
Posted on: 08th March 2011
Sesuatu Yang Lebih
Jika Anda menginginkan sesuatu yang belum pernah anda miliki, Anda harus bersedia melakukan sesuatu yang belum pernah Anda lakukan.If you want something you’ve never had, you must be willing to do something you’ve never done.
~ Thomas Jefferson
Posted on: October 19th, 2010 by Kata Bijak MotivasiNo comments
Hal Kecil dengan Cinta
Dalam kehidupan ini kita tidak dapat selalu melakukan hal yang besar. Tetapi kita dapat melakukan banyak hal kecil dengan cinta yang besar.In this life we cannot always do great things. But we can do small things with great love
~Mother Teresa
Posted on: October 12th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi1 Comment
Tentang Visi
Visi tanpa eksekusi adalah lamunan. Eksekusi tanpa visi adalah mimpi buruk.Vision without execution is a daydream. Execution without vision is a nightmare.
~ Japanese Proverb
Posted on: October 12th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi1 Comment
Hidup Ini Singkat
Hidup ini singkat. Tidak ada waktu untuk meninggalkan kata-kata penting tak terkatakan.Life is short. There is no time to leave important words unsaid.
~ Paulo Coelho
Posted on: September 14th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi20 Comments
Cara Memulai
Cara memulai adalah dengan berhenti berbicara dan mulai melakukan.The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing.
~ Walt Disney
Posted on: September 14th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi15 Comments
Pikiran Ibarat Parasut
Pikiran kita ibarat parasut, hanya berfungsi ketika terbuka.Minds are like parachutes – they only function when open.
~ Thomas Dewar
Posted on: July 29th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi38 Comments
Sukses Adalah Perjalanan
Sukses adalah sebuah perjalanan, bukan tujuan akhirSuccess is a journey, not a destination.
~ Ben Sweetland
Posted on: July 16th, 2010 by Kata Bijak Motivasi29 Comments
Memberi dan Menerima
Mereka yang dapat memberi tanpa mengingat, dan menerima tanpa melupakan akan diberkati.Blessed are those that can give without remembering and receive without forgetting.
~ Author Unknown
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- Duta Mahasiswa Genre Kaltim 2014 Ayu Rahima Mutia
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- Duta Mahasiswa Genre Kal Tim 2014I love it: green I like men I love my father and mother I love my brothers I need your love I need attention I am an independent girl I hate lizards I hate playboy I hate traitors I like fashion I often change the style I like a white guy I like talkative friend I like the curious I like math I like history I like science I like to fish hehehe Simak